1. Larsen PR, Alexander NM, Chopra IJ, et al. Revised nomenclature for tests of thyroid hormones and
thyroid-related proteins in serum. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1987;64:1089-1094.
2. Tunbridge WMG, Evered DC, Hall R, et al. The spectrum of thyroid disease in a community: the
Whickham survey. Clin Endocrinol. 1977;7:481-493
3. Fisher DA, Dussault JH, Foley TP, et al. Screening for congenital hypothyroidism: results of screening
one million North American infants. J Pediatr. 1979;94:700-705.
4. Sawin CT, Chopra D, Azizi F, Mannix JE, Bacharach P. The aging thyroid: increased prevalence of
elevated serum thyrotropin in the elderly. JAMA. 1979;242:247-250.
5. Wartofsky L, Burman KD. Alterations in thyroid function in patients with systemic illness: the
'euthyroid sick syndrome.' Endocr Rev. 1982;3:164-217.
6. Tibaldi JM, Surks MI. Effects of nonthyroidal illness in thyroid function. Med Clin North Am.
1985;69:899-911.
7. Chopra IJ, Chua Teco GN, Nguyen AH, Solomon DH. In search of an inhibitor of thyroid hormone
binding to serum proteins in nonthyroid illnesses. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1979;49:63-69.
8. Oppenheimer JH, Schwartz HL, Mariash CN, Kaiser FE. Evidence for a factor in the sera of patients
with nonthyroidal disease which inhibits iodothyronine binding by solid matrices, serum proteins, and
hepatocytes. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1982;54:757-766.
9. Bacci V, Schussler GC, Kaplan TB. The relationship between serum triiodothyronine and thyrotropin
during systemic illness. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1982;54:1229-1235.
10. Bermudez F, Surks MI, Oppenheimer JH. High incidence of decreased serum triiodothyronine
concentration in patients with nonthyroidal disease. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1975;41:27-40.
11. Larsen PR. Tests related to thyroid hormones in blood: thyroid hormone concentrations. In: Ingbar
SH, Braverman LE, eds. The Thyroid: Fundamental and Clinical Text. Philadelphia, Pa: JP Lippincott;
1986:487-489.
12. Kaptein EM, MacIntyre SS, Weiner JM, Spencer CA, Nicoloff JT. Free thyroxine estimates in
nonthyroidal illness: comparison of eight methods. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1981;52:1073-1077.
13. Melmed S, Geola FL, Reed AW, Pekary AE, Park J, Hershman JM. A comparison of methods for
assessing thyroid function in nonthyroidal illness. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1982;54:300-306.
14. Surks MI, Hupart KH, Pan C, Shapiro LE. Normal free thyroxine in critical nonthyroidal illnesses
measured by ultrafiltration by undiluted serum and equilibrium dialysis. J Clin Endocrinol Metab.
1988;67:1031-1039.
15. Re RN, Kourides IA, Ridgeway EC, Weintraub BD, Maloof F. The effect of glucocorticoid
administration on human pituitary secretion of thyrotropin and prolactin. J Clin Endocrinol Metab.
1976;43:338-346.
16. Kaptein EM, Kletzsky OA, Spencer CA, Nicoloff JT. Effects of prolonged dopamine infusion on
anterior pituitary function in normal males. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1980,51:488-491.
17. Hamblin FS, Dyer SA, Mohr VS, et al. Relationship between thyrotropin and thyroxine changes
during recovery from severe hypothyroxinemia of critical illness. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1986;62:717-
722.
18. Spencer CA, Lai-Rosenfeld AO, Guttler RB, et al. Thyrotropin secretion in thyrotoxic and throxine-
treated patients. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1986;63:349-355.
19. Ruiz M, Rajatanavin R, Young RA, et al. Familial dysalbuminemic hyperthyroxinemia. N Engl J
Med. 1982;306:635-639.
20. Engler D, Donaldson EB, Stockigt JR, Taft P. Hyperthyroidism without triiodothyronine excess: an
effect of severe non-thyroidal illness. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1978;46:77-82.
21. Alexander CM, Kaptein EM, Lum SMC, Spencer CA, Kumar D, Nicoloff JT. Pattern of recovery of
thyroid hormone indices associated with treatment of diabetes mellitus. J Clin Endocrinol Metab.
1982;54:362-366.
22. Lum SMC, Kaptein EM, Nicoloff JT. Influence of nonthyroidal illnesses on serum thyroid hormone
indices in hyperthyroidism. West J Med. 1983;138:670-675.
23. Spencer CA, Eigen A, Shen D, et al. Sensitive TSH tests: specificity limitations for screening for
thyroid disease in hospitalized patients. Clin Chem. 1987;33:1391-1396.
24. Mariotti S, Martino E, Cupinni C, et al. Low serum thyroglobulin as a clue to the diagnosis of
thyrotoxicosis factitia. N Engl J Med. 1982;307:410-412.
25. Pacchiarotti A, Martino E, Bartalena L, et al. Serum thyrotropin by ultrasensitive immunoradiometric
assay and serum free thyroid hormones in pregnancy. J Endocrinol Invest. 1986;9:185-189.
26. Smith PJ, Surks MI. Multiple effects of 5,5,-diphenylhydantoin on the thyroid hormone system.
Endocr Rev. 1984;5:514-524.
27. Ohnhaus EE, Burgi H, Burger A, Studer H. The effect of antipyrine, phenobarbitol, and rifampicin on
thyroid hormone metabolism in man. Eur J Clin Invest. 1981;11:381-387.
28. Duick DS, Warren DW, Nicoloff JT, Otis CL, Croxson MS. Effect of single dose dexamethasone on
the concentration of serum T3 in man. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1974;39:1151-1154.
29. Kristensen BO, Weeke J. Propranolol-induced increments in total and free serum thyroxine in patients
with essential hypertension. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 1977;22:864-867.
30. Burgi H, Wimphfheimer C, Burger A, Zaunbauer W, Rosler H, Lemarchaud-Beraud T. Changes of
circulating thyroxine, triiodothyronine and reverse triiodothyronine after radiographic contrast agents. J
Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1976;43:1203-1210.
31. Burger A, Nicod DP, Lemarchaud-Beraud T, Vallotton MB. Effect of amiodarone on serum
triiodothyronine, reverse triiodothyronine, thyroxine and thyrotropin. J Clin Invest. 1976;58:255-259.